(1)

Are Articles 4 and 32(2) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 (1) of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 December 2013 and Article 60 of Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013 (2) of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 December 2013 to be interpreted as precluding a national provision like Real Decreto 41/2021 (Royal Decree 41/2021) which, in order to prevent the creation of artificial conditions in relation to the grant of a concession of permanent public common pastureland to beneficiaries who do not use that pastureland, provides that grazing activity is to be permitted only if it is carried out with animals belonging to the holding?

(2)

Is Article 60 of Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013, relating to the creation of artificial conditions for obtaining support, to be interpreted as precluding a national provision like Royal Decree 41/2021, which establishes a presumption that the conditions for access to support were artificially created in cases where the agricultural activity of grazing on permanent public common pastureland is carried out with animals which do not belong to the aid applicant’s own holding?

(3)

Is Article 4(1)(c) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 to be interpreted as precluding a national provision like Real Decreto 1075/2014 (Royal Decree 1075/2014) of 19 December, pursuant to which the grazing of agricultural areas may not be classified as the maintenance of those areas in a state suitable for grazing?

(4)

Is Article 4(1)(c) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 to be interpreted as precluding a national provision like Royal Decree 1075/2014 of 19 December, pursuant to which persons who merely hold a non-exclusive grazing right over farmland that is not owned by them, and who assign that right to a third party so that the latter may use the pastureland to graze livestock, do not carry out an agricultural activity as provided for in Article 4(1)(c)(i)?

(5)

Is Article 4(1)(b) and (c) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 to be interpreted as precluding a national provision like Royal Decree 1075/2014 of 19 December, pursuant to which persons who merely hold a non-exclusive grazing right over common farmland which is not owned by them cannot be treated as managers of the pastureland to which that grazing right applies for the purposes of carrying out the maintenance of those agricultural areas in a state suitable for grazing?